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Treats and table scraps
Where the extra weight actually comes from
Few dogs get fat on their kibble alone. The pattern vets see is a reasonable bowl of food plus a day full of extras: a dental chew here, a training treat there, the crusts from a sandwich, the last bite of every dinner. Each one is small; together they quietly double the intended calories for many small dogs. This is why a slimming plan that only changes the bowl so often fails - the bowl was never the whole day.
Make treats part of the budget
The 10% rule turns treats from sabotage into a plan: if your vet sets a daily calorie target, up to a tenth of it can be treats, and VCA gives exactly this example - a dog on a 1,000-calorie day gets 900 from the diet food and 100 from treats. Practical ways to stay inside it: break treats into small pieces (dogs count the number of treats, not the size), use part of the day's kibble as training rewards, and ask your vet which low-calorie options - like certain vegetables - suit your dog.
The table-scrap habit
Scraps are trouble three ways: they add uncounted calories, rich and fatty human food commonly triggers stomach upset in dogs, and feeding from the plate trains a persistent beggar. Some human foods are outright dangerous to dogs, so the safest household rule is simple - dog food in the dog's bowl, human food nowhere near it, and everyone in the house (including guests and kids) following it. A dog who learns the kitchen never pays stops auditioning for it.
Replace the ritual, not just the food
For many households, treats are really love in edible form. The good news: most dogs value the ritual as much as the calories. A quick training rep, a game, a stuffed food puzzle made from the day's own ration, or a walk all deliver the same "you saw me" moment. Keep the affection, change the currency.